CGI Execute

The phone can be commanded to execute an internal URI handler or fetch an external URL by sending a POST request to the phone's web-server using the URL http://x.x.x.x/CGI/Execute with a parameter named XML. An archive containing sample command line utilties can be downloaded from the URL below.

file_download commands-1.1.tar.gz (13K) event 20/08/2020 security SHA256:28bb288abb1f25e06f26e768c14352518a005f634f7bdebc6e4f5f24c47e0a1e.

If an <authenticationURL> has been defined, requests need to include a Authorization header encoded using the basic method. The username and password will be passed on to the authentication URL for checking. See Phone Services for more information.

See the open_in_browser Cisco Unified IP Phone Services Application Development Notes a list of URIs the each phone model supports.

CiscoIPPhoneExecute

Root tag of an execute request, up to 3 <ExecuteItem> tags can be specified.

<CiscoIPPhoneExecute>

ExecuteItem

Specifies a URL to fetch or a URI to execute.

URL URL to fetch or execute. Must be ether one of the internal URIs (Dial, Key, SoftKey, Init, Play etc.), an http:// URL or an https:// URL.

Priority Priority of the request (optional)

Execute immediately (default)

Execute when idle

Execute only if idle

  <ExecuteItem URL="URL" Priority="PRIORITY" />
</CiscoIPPhoneExecute>

An example script that can send up to three CGI execute requests to a phone is below. Available as the cgiexecute script from the commands archive above.

#!/usr/bin/python3

import sys
import os.path
import re
import getopt
import traceback
import ipaddress
from html import escape
from lxml import etree
import requests
import requests.auth


class ProgramError(Exception):
    pass


cgi_errors = {
    1: 'Error parsing CiscoIPPhone object',
    2: 'Error framing CiscoIPPhone object',
    3: 'Internal file error',
    4: 'Authentication error'
}


def cgi_execute(ip_address, timeout, urls, username, password):
    content = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>' \
        '<CiscoIPPhoneExecute>'

    for url, priority in urls:
        content += '<ExecuteItem URL="' + escape(url) + '" Priority="' + str(priority) + '" />'

    content += '</CiscoIPPhoneExecute>'

    if username != '':
        auth = requests.auth.HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)
    else:
        auth = None

    try:
        response = requests.post(f'http://{ip_address}/CGI/Execute',
                                 timeout = timeout, auth = auth, data = {'XML': content})
        response.raise_for_status()

    except requests.RequestException as error:
        raise ProgramError(error)

    if response.headers['Content-Type'][0:8] != 'text/xml':
        raise ProgramError('Unexpected Content-Type ' + response.headers['Content-Type'])

    try:
        document = etree.fromstring(response.content)
    except etree.XMLSyntaxError as error:
        raise ProgramError(error)

    if document.tag == 'CiscoIPPhoneError':
        number = int(document.get('Number', 0))

        raise ProgramError('Error: ' + cgi_errors.get(number, f'{number}'))

    for element in document.findall('ResponseItem'):
        url = element.get('URL')
        data = element.get('Data', '')

        print(f'{url}: {data}')


def main():
    short_options = 'i:t:u:p:h'
    long_options = ['ip=', 'timeout=', 'username=', 'password=', 'help']

    try:
        options, arguments = getopt.gnu_getopt(sys.argv[1:], short_options, long_options)
    except getopt.GetoptError as error:
        raise ProgramError(error.msg[0].upper() + error.msg[1:])

    ip_address = None
    timeout = 10
    username = ''
    password = ''
    help = False

    for option, argument in options:
        if option in ('-i', '--ip'):
            try:
                ip_address = ipaddress.IPv4Address(argument)
            except ipaddress.AddressValueError:
                raise ProgramError(f'Invalid IP-address: {argument}')

            ip_address = ip_address.compressed

        if option in ('-t', '--timeout'):
            try:
                timeout = int(argument)
            except ValueError:
                raise ProgramError(f'Invalid timeout: {argument}')

        elif option in ('-u', '--username'):
            username = argument

        elif option in ('-p', '--password'):
            password = argument

        elif option in ('-h', '--help'):
            help = True

    if help:
        print('Usage: ' + os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) + ' [OPTIONS] URL[@PRIORITY]...\n'
              'Send CGI Execute URLs to a Cisco IP Phone\n'
              '\n'
              '  -i, --ip IP-ADDRESS        IP-address of the phone\n'
              '  -t, --timeout TIMEOUT      request timeout in seconds (default 10)\n'
              '  -u, --username USERNAME    authentication username\n'
              '  -p, --password PASSWORD    authentication password\n'
              '\n'
              'Up to 3 URLs may be specified\n'
              'URL is one of Dial:, EditDial:, Key:, SoftKey:, Init:, Play:, http: or https:\n'
              'Optional PRIORITY is either 0 (immediately), 1 (when idle) or 2 (only if idle)\n')

        return

    if not len(arguments):
        raise ProgramError('No URLs specified')

    urls = []

    for argument in arguments:
        if '@' in argument:
            url, priority = argument.rsplit('@', maxsplit = 1)

            try:
                priority = int(priority)

                if priority < 0 or priority > 2:
                    raise ValueError

            except ValueError:
                raise ProgramError(f'Invalid priority: {priority}')
        else:
            url, priority = argument, 0

        if not re.search('(?x) ^ (?: (?: Dial | EditDial ) : [0-9#*]+'
                         ' | (?: Key | SoftKey ) : [a-zA-Z0-9]+'
                         ' | Init : [a-zA-Z]+'
                         ' | Play : [a-zA-Z0-9._\-]+'
                         ' | Display : ( Off | On | Default ) (:? : [0-9]+ )?'
                         ' | https? :// [^ ]+ ) $', url):
            raise ProgramError(f'Invalid URL: {url}')

        if len(urls) == 3:
            raise ProgramError('A maximum of 3 URLs can be specified')

        urls.append((url, priority))

    if ip_address is None:
        raise ProgramError('No -i/--ip option specified')

    cgi_execute(ip_address, timeout, urls, username, password)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        main()

    except ProgramError as error:
        print(str(error), file = sys.stderr)
        exit(1)

    except Exception:
        traceback.print_exc(file = sys.stderr)
        exit(1)

    exit(0)

setBackground

Sets the background on the phone, both URLs must be http://. Send to the phone using the same method as <CiscoIPPhoneExecute> with the XML parameter as follows. An example setbackground script can be found in the archive above.

See Background Images for more information.

<setBackground>
  <background>
    <icon>ICON URL</icon>
    <image>IMAGE URL</image>
  </background>
</setBackground>

setRingTone

Sets the ring-tone on the phone, the URLs must be http://. Send to the phone using the same method as <CiscoIPPhoneExecute> with the XML parameter as follows. An example setringtone script can be found in the archive above.

See Ring Tones for more information.

<setRingTone>
  <ringTone>RINGTONE URL</ringTone>
</setRingTone>

<proxy>

USECALLMANAGER.nz

</proxy>

CGI Execute

CiscoIPPhoneExecute

ExecuteItem

setBackground

setRingTone